中文
Amasimu kawoyela negesi - akhulu, abizayo futhi ayingxenye yomnotho womhlaba. Ngokuya ngendawo yensimu, isikhathi, izindleko nobunzima bokuqedela isigaba ngasinye kuzohluka.
Isigaba sokulungiselela
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuthuthukiswa kwensimu kawoyela kanye negesi, uphenyo kanye nokuhlola okubalulekile kubalulekile. Indlela evame ukucubungula izinsizakusebenza zamafutha negesi, ukucwaninga kokuzamazama komhlaba kubandakanya ukuthumela amagagasi omsindo emadwaleni, ngokujwayelekile kusetshenziswa isidlidlizi se-seismic (ngokuhlola umoya (ukubhukuda komoya). Lapho amagagasi omsindo angena ekwakhiweni kwamadwala, ingxenye yamandla awo aboniswa izingqimba ze-rock ezinzima, kanti wonke amandla aqhubeka ajulile kwenye i-strata. Amandla abonisiwe adluliselwa emuva futhi aqoshwe. Ngakho-ke abasebenzi bahlola ngaleyo ndlela baqamekisa ekusatshalalisweni kwamafutha angaphansi komhlaba kanye negesi yemvelo, banqume usayizi nezinkambiso zamafutha namagesi wegesi, bese utadisha isakhiwo se-geological. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo engaphezulu nezici ezingaba khona engcupheni kudingeka zihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwenqubo yokuthuthuka.
Umjikelezo wempilo wenkambu kawoyela negesi ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu:
Isigaba sokuqala (Iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu): Kulesi sigaba, insimu kawoyela negesi isaqala ukukhiqiza, futhi ukukhiqizwa kancane kancane kuyakhiwa ngokuqhubeka kokudla nezindawo zokukhiqiza.
Isikhathi sethafa: Lapho ukukhiqizwa kwazinza, ama-oyela negesi amasimu azongena esikhathini sethafa. Ngalesi sigaba, ukukhiqizwa kuhlala kuzinzile, futhi lesi sigaba sizophinde siqhubeke iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu, kwesinye isikhathi isikhathi eside uma insimu kawoyela neyamafutha inkulu.
Ukwenqaba isigaba: Ngesikhathi lesi sigaba, ukukhiqizwa kwamasimu kawoyela negesi kuqala ukwehla, imvamisa ngo-1% kuya ku-10% ngonyaka. Lapho ukukhiqizwa kuphela, kusenamanani amakhulu kawoyela negesi okusele emhlabathini. Ukwenza ngcono ukululama, izinkampani zikawoyela negesi zisebenzisa amasu wokuvuselela athuthukisiwe. Amasimu e-Amafutha angafinyelela amanani entengo ephakathi kuka-5% no-50%, kanye nezinkambu ezikhiqiza igesi yemvelo kuphela, leli zinga lingaba ngaphezulu (60% kuya ku-80%).
Isigaba sokuhamba
Lesi sigaba sibandakanya izinqubo zokwahlukana, ukuhlanzwa, ukugcinwa nokuhamba kwamafutha aluhlaza. Uwoyela ongahluziwe uvame ukuthuthwa ekucutshunguleni izitshalo ngamapayipi, imikhumbi noma ezinye izindlela zokuhamba, lapho ziphathwa futhi zicutshungulwa ngokufanele futhi ekugcineni zinikezwe emakethe.
Ukubaluleka kweI-Marine HosesEnqubweni yensimu yamafutha endle ayinakwa. Bangakwazi ukuhambisa ngempumelelo uwoyela ongahluziwe phakathi kwezindawo ezingapheli (amapulatifomu, amaphuzu angashadile, njll.) Futhi ama-plem noma amathangi asolwandle, ethuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezokuThutha kanye nokuvikelwa kwezemvelo.
Ukunqamula nokushiywa
Lapho izinsizakusebenza zikawoyela zincipha kancane kancane noma umjikelezo wentuthuko uphela, ukudilizwa nokushiywa komthombo we-oyili kuzodingeka. Lesi sigaba sifaka izindawo zokukhipha nokuhlanza nokuhlanza, ukulahlwa kukadoti, kanye nokubuyiselwa kwemvelo. Ngale nqubo, imithetho nemithetho yezemvelo kudingeka kubhekwe ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokungcola ayinayo umthelela omubi emvelweni.
Usuku: 21 Meyi 2024