中文
Uwoyela uyigazi eliqhuba intuthuko yezomnotho.Eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule, ama-60% ezindawo ezisanda kutholwa zikawoyela negesi zitholakala phesheya kolwandle.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-40% wezinqolobane zikawoyela negesi emhlabeni wonke uzogxila ezindaweni ezijulile zolwandle esikhathini esizayo.Ngokuthuthuka kancane kancane kukawoyela negesi ogwini lolwandle kanye nolwandle olukude, izindleko kanye nengozi yokubeka amapayipi adonsela kude kawoyela negesi aya phezulu ngokuya phezulu.Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuxazulula le nkinga ukwakha izimboni zokucubungula uwoyela negesi olwandle-I-FPSO
1.Iyini i-FPSO
(1) Umqondo
I-FPSO (I-Floating Production Storage and Offloading) iyisitoreji sokukhiqiza esintantayo esingaphesheya nokulayishaiyunithiidivayisi ehlanganisa ukukhiqizwa, ukugcinwa kukawoyela kanye nokukhipha.
(2)Isakhiwo
I-FPSO iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: isakhiwo se-topsides kanye ne-hull
Ibhulokhi engenhla iqedela ukucutshungulwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe, kuyilapho isikebhe sinomthwalo wemfanelo wokugcina uwoyela ongahluziwe ofanelekayo.
(3) Ukuhlelwa
Ngokusho kwezindlela ezihlukene zokuhlanganisa, i-FPSO ingahlukaniswa ibe:I-Multi Point MooringfuthiSinglePamafuthaMukukhala(SPM）
2.Izimpawu ze-FPSO
(1)I-FPSO ithola uwoyela, igesi, amanzi nezinye izingxube ezivela emithonjeni kawoyela engaphansi kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa ipayipi likawoyela elingaphansi kwamanzi, bese leyo ngxube icutshungulwa ibe uwoyela ongahluziwe ofanelekayo kanye negesi yemvelo.Imikhiqizo efanelekile igcinwa ku-cabin, futhi ngemva kokufinyelela inani elithile, ithuthwa iyohlala phansi nge-shuttle tanker ngokusebenzisauhlelo lokuthutha uwoyela ongahluziwe.
(2) Izinzuzo zohlelo lwentuthuko oluhlanganisa "i-FPSO+production platform / subsea production system+shuttle tanker":
●Amandla okugcina uwoyela, igesi, amanzi, ukukhiqizwa nokucubungula kanye nowoyela ongahluziwe anamandla uma kuqhathaniswa
●I-maneuverability enhle kakhulu yokunyakaza okusheshayo
●Isebenza kukho kokubili ulwandle olungajulile nolujulile, olunomoya onamandla nokumelana namagagasi
●Uhlelo lokusebenza oluguquguqukayo, alungasetshenziswa kuphela ngokuhambisana nezinkundla zasolwandle, kodwa futhi lungasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza ngaphansi kwamanzi.
3.Isikimu esilungisiwe se-FPSO
Njengamanje, izindlela zokubopha ze-FPSO zihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili:I-Multi Point MooringfuthiSinglePamafuthaMukukhala(SPM）
Imulti-point mooringuhlelo lulungisa i-FPSO ngeama-hawsersngokusebenzisa amaphuzu amaningi amisiwe, angavimbela ukunyakaza kwe-lateral kwe-FPSO.Le ndlela ifaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni zasolwandle ezinezimo ezingcono zolwandle.
Ii-single point mooring(SPM）uhlelo ukulungisa i-FPSO endaweni eyodwa yokumisa olwandle.Ngaphansi kwesenzo somoya, amaza namaza, i-FPSO izozungeza okungu-360° izungeza eyodwa-i-point mooring.SPM）, okunciphisa kakhulu umthelela wamanje kumkhumbi.Njengamanje, i-single-i-point mooring.SPM）indlela isetshenziswa kakhulu.
Idethi: 03 Mar 2023