中文
Ukuthuthwa kukawoyela negesi kungenziwa ngokuqhubekayo ngobuningi futhi ngokuphepha ngamapayipi angasogwini.Ezindaweni zikawoyela eziseduze nogu lolwandle noma ezinezinqolobane ezinkulu, amapayipi ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukuthutha uwoyela negesi kumatheminali asogwini (njengamachweba kawoyela noma izindawo zokuhluzwa ezisogwini).Uma ipayipi linokumelana nokucindezela okwanele, ukumelana nokugqwala okuqinile (ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ukuvikeleka kwe-cathodic) nokuvaleka kahle, lingakwazi ukubona ukuthuthwa kukawoyela okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuthintwa ukujula kwamanzi, isimo sezulu, indawo kanye nezinye izimo.II-CDSRukumunca uwoyela kanye nepayipi lokukhiphainokumelana komoya okuhle kakhulu nokuvumelana nezimo, futhi kuzoba njaloukuhlangabezana nezidingo zesicelongeizimo zolwandle ezihlukahlukene.
Nokho, ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi olwandle kuzophazanyiswa amagagasi ngokuqondile, futhi ukuhamba kwamanzi kuzothinta ukuphepha kokwakhiwa kwamapayipi kanye nokuzinza kwamapayipi.Kunezinto eziningi okufanele zicatshangelwe ekuqedeni ipayipi elihamba ngaphansi kolwandleiphrojekthi.Indawo yokusebenza isolwandle.Akukhona nje ukuthi indawo yokwakha ilinganiselwe, kodwa inkimbinkimbifuthiizimo zasolwandle eziguquguqukayo nazo zizoletha izinselele ezinkulu ekwakhiweni okuvamile.
Emisebenzini yokwakha, ukujula kwamanzi kuyisici esinomthelela kakhulu, futhi imisebenzi yokubeka amapayipi ihluka kakhulu kuye ngokujula kwamanzi.
(1)Kulaboizindawolokhoeduze nosebe nasemanzini angashoni, ipayipi lingathuthwa ngokuqondile liye emhlabeni ngewintshi.
(2) I-S-Lay (indlela yokubeka yohlobo lwe-S) isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezingajulile zolwandle nasezindaweni ezikude nogu. Ukushisela, ukuhlolwa kanye nokumbozwa kobuso obuvundlile, ngokuvamile ebhodini lomkhumbi we-pipelay. Njengoba umkhumbi uya phambili, ipayipi liyajika emanzini lize lifike lapho lihlala khona olwandle.Ithatha umumo othi "S" njengoba ipayipi elengeziwe likhishwa ngaphansi kwesisindo salo.
(3)Lapho pimisebenzi yokubeka ipeni yenziwa ezindaweni ezijulile zamanzi,umaukujula kwamanzi kuyanda,kuzoba umphumelaekwenyukeni okukhulu kobunzima bokwakha.Indlela yokufaka ipayipi ye-J-Lay ivame ukusetshenziswa emanzini ajulileiphrojekthi.I-J-Lay (indlela ka-J-lay) ibeka ingcindezi encane epayipini ngoba ipayipi lifakwe endaweni ecishe iqonde mpo.Ipayipi lasolwandle lishiya umkhumbi obeka amapayipi ngendlela ecishe iqonde mpo, bese lehla ngokugoba okume mpo lize libekwe phansi olwandle.Ipayipi lilonke lisesimweni sika-"J", elifanele izindawo ezijulile zolwandle ezisukela kumakhulu amamitha kuya ezinkulungwaneni.
(4) Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, iindlelaukusebenza kwamapayipi asogwini nakho kuthuthuka njalo.Kumapayipi olwandle anobubanzi obuncane namandla abuthakathaka, angafakwa emhlabathini futhi agingqelwe ngqo esigubhu, bese athuthelwa olwandle ukuze abekwe ngomkhumbi obeka amapayipi.Le ndlela yokusebenza ibizwa nge-Reel-Lay (indlela yokubeka ipayipi eligoqiwe).I-Reel-Lay ibhekwa njengendlela eshesha kakhulu yokubeka njengoba iningi lokushisela nokuhlolwa kwenziwa ogwini, kunciphisa isikhathi sokufaka.Njengamanje, umkhumbi wokubeka ipayipi wohlobo lwe-reel ungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ovundlile kanye noqondile.
Ekukhetheni kokugcina kwendlela yokusebenza, akufanele sicabangele ukujula kwamanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi sihlanganise izici ezibanzi ezifana nomjikelezo wokusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza.I-CDSR ihlinzeka ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi ezinhlelo zokubopha indawo eyodwa kanye nokufakwa ogwini njenge-FPSO, i-FSO, i-SPM, njll. Siphinde sinikeze ngocwaningo lokucushwa, ucwaningo lwesikimu sobunjiniyela, ukukhetha ipayipi, ukuklama isisekelo nezinye izinsizakalo zephrojekthi yakho.
Idethi: 27 Mar 2023