中文
Imisebenzi yokuthutha ngomkhumbi isiya emkhunjini (STS) iwukudluliswa kwempahla phakathi kwemikhumbi ehamba olwandle emiswe eduze kwenye, noma imile noma isaqhubeka, kodwa kudinga ukudidiyelwa okufanele, okokusebenza kanye nezimvume ukwenza imisebenzi enjalo.Izimpahla ezivame ukudluliselwa opharetha ngendlela ye-STS zihlanganisa uwoyela ongahluziwe, igesi ewuketshezi (i-LPG noma i-LNG), imithwalo eyinqwaba kanye nemikhiqizo kaphethiloli.
Ukusebenza kwe-STS kungaba wusizo ikakhulukazi lapho usebenza nemikhumbi emikhulu kakhulu, njengama-VLCC nama-ULCC, engabhekana nemikhawulo yokusalungiswa kwamanye amachweba.Angakwazi futhi ukonga uma kuqhathaniswa nokugibelela ejethi njengoba kokubili izikhathi zokumisa nezokubopha zincishisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela kube nomthelela ezindlekweni.Izinzuzo ezengeziwe zihlanganisa ukugwema ukuminyana kwechweba, njengoba umkhumbi ngeke ungene echwebeni.
Umkhakha wezasolwandle usungule imihlahlandlela eqinile nemithethonqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza kwe-STS.Inhlangano Yezasolwandle Yamazwe Ngamazwe (i-IMO) kanye neziphathimandla ezihlukahlukene zikazwelonke zihlinzeka ngemithethonqubo ebanzi okufanele ilandelwe ngesikhathi salokhu kudluliselwa.Le mihlahlandlela ihlanganisa yonke into esukaizindinganiso zemishini kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi ezimweni zezulu kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Okulandelayo yizimfuneko zokuqhuba umsebenzi wokudlulisa i-Shipping to Ship:
● Ukuqeqeshwa okwanele kwabasebenzi bomkhumbi kawoyela abenza lo msebenzi
● Imishini efanele ye-STS kufanele ibe khona kuyo yomibili imikhumbi futhi kufanele ibe sesimweni esihle
● Ukuhlelwa kwangaphambili komsebenzi ngokwazisa inani kanye nohlobo lwempahla ehilelekile
● Ukunaka kahle umehluko ku-freeboard kanye nokufakwa kuhlu kwayo yomibili imikhumbi ngenkathi ihambisa uwoyela
● Ukuthatha imvume kuziphathimandla zezwe zamachweba ezifanele
● Izakhiwo Zempahla Ebandakanyekayo zizokwaziwa nge-MSDS etholakalayo kanye nenombolo ye-UN
● Umzila wokuxhumana nokuxhumana okufanele umiswe phakathi kwemikhumbi
● Izingozi ezihambisana nempahla efana ne-VOC emission, chemical reaction njll okufanele zaziswe kulo lonke ithimba elihililekile ekudluliseni
● Imishini yokucisha umlilo neyokuchitheka kukawoyela kufanele ibe khona kanye nezisebenzi eziqeqeshwe kahle ukuze zizisebenzise esimweni esiphuthumayo
Kafushane, ukusebenza kwe-STS kunezinzuzo zezomnotho kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo zokuthunyelwa kwempahla, kodwa imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemihlahlandlela kufanele iqine.kulandeleukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuhambisana.Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqaliswa kwamazinga aqinile, i-STS transfer kungabaukuqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ukwesekwa okuthembekile kokuhwebelana komhlaba wonke kanye nokuphakelwa kwamandla.
Idethi: 21 Feb 2024