中文
I-Single Buoy Mooring (SBM) iyisistimu yedokhi entantayo esetshenziswa kabanzi ekulayisheni nasekuthululeni uwoyela ongahluziwe ogwini lolwandle kanye nomkhiqizo oncibilikisiwe. Ivame ukubekwa ezindaweni ezingasogwini lolwandle ngamakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka ogwini lolwandle, isebenza njengendawo yokudlulisa phakathi kwemikhumbi emikhulu yamafutha kanye nezikhungo zikawoyela negesi ezisemhlabeni, okwenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe okuphephile nokuphumelelayo.
Ukwakheka kohlelo lwe-SBM
Uhlelo lokubopha
I-buoy inamathele phansi kolwandle ngamaketanga amaningi okubambelela (ngokuvamile angu-4-8).ucezu), okuphelela kwawo kuxhunywe ezisekelweni zamandla adonsela phansi noma ezisekelweni zenqwaba. Le ndlela yokuxhuma ivumela i-buoy ukuthi ihambe ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile nomoya, amagagasi kanye nemisinga, okungavimbela ngempumelelo amandla emvelo yasolwandle futhi kuqinisekise ukuzinza kwesistimu.
Uhlelo lokulethwa komkhiqizo
Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi i-submarine pipeline end manifold (PLEM), ama-flexible risers kanye nama-swivel joints. I-flexible riser ixhuma i-PLEM ku-buoy futhi ingazivumelanisa nokunyakaza okuguquguqukayo kwe-buoy, iqinisekisa ukuthi uwoyela ongahluziwe ungathuthwa kahle usuka epayipini lomkhumbi ongaphansi komhlaba uye ku-buoy. Izintambo zepayipi elintantayo zivame ukufakwa i-Marine Breakaway Coupling (MBC) enomsebenzi wokuvikela ukunqamula, engavala ngokuzenzakalelayo i-valve uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo ukuvimbela ukuvuza kukawoyela ongahluziwe nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemvelo yasolwandle.
Isakhiwo se-Buoy
I-buoy ifakwe ilungiselelo lokuthwala elijikelezayo elivumela ithangi ukuthi lilungise indlela yalo ngokukhululeka futhi lihlale lisesimweni sokumelana okuncane, ngaleyo ndlela linciphise umthelela wemithwalo yemvelo ohlelweni lwethangi kanye nokubopha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-swivel joint ku-buoy ingaqinisekisa ukuthi ipayipi alibhekene nokucindezeleka okujiyile ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa koketshezi, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise impilo yenkonzo yemishini.
Izinzuzo zesistimu ye-SBM
● Ukusebenza kahle kokulayisha nokulayisha: I-SBM ingakhonza amathangi amakhulu ahlukahlukene kawoyela kufaka phakathi i-VLCC (isithwali esikhulu kakhulu se-crude), futhi inganikeza ukusebenza okugcwele ezinzuzweni zokuthutha zamathangi amakhulu kawoyela futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokulayisha nokulayisha kawoyela ongahluziwe.
●Izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi: Amathangi awadingi ukungena emachwebeni, okunciphisa ibanga lokuhamba ngomkhumbi, okungagcini nje ngokusindisa izindleko zikaphethiloli, kodwa futhi kunciphisa izindleko ezihlobene njengokubeka isikhathi echwebeni, kuyilapho kunciphisa izingozi zokusebenza njengokushayisana okungase kubhekane nakho lapho kungena futhi kuphuma echwebeni.
● Ukusebenza kahle kwemvelo: Ngokuvala okuzenzakalelayo kwama-valve kanye nomklamo wokulwa nokuvuza, uhlelo lwe-SBM lungavimbela ngempumelelo ukuvuza kukawoyela ongahluziwe, lunciphise ukungcola kwemvelo yasolwandle, futhi luhlangabezane nezidingo zokuvikela imvelo.
● Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okunamandla: Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-terminal aqinile, i-SBM inesikhathi esifushane sokwakha kanye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu. Ifanele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezikude zikawoyela noma ezindaweni zokusebenza zesikhashana futhi ingasabela ngokushesha ezidingweni zokuthuthukiswa kwezinkundla ezahlukene zikawoyela.
Uhlelo lokubopha olune-buoy olulodwa selube yindawo eyinhloko yokuthuthwa kukawoyela negesi ogwini lwasolwandle ngenxa yokuzivumelanisa nezimo kwalo okuhle kakhulu kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho, futhi lunesikhundla esibalulekile emkhakheni wokudluliselwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe emhlabeni wonke. Njengomhlinzeki ochwepheshe wamapayipi kawoyela ogwini lwasolwandle, i-CDSR igxile ekuhlinzekeni ngekhwalithi ephezulu eyenziwe ngokwezifiso.amapayipi kawoyelakwezindawo ezahlukahlukene zasogwini lolwandle. Imikhiqizo yethu ayisetshenziswa kabanzi kuphela ezinhlelweni zokubopha i-buoy eyodwa, kodwa futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zezimo ezahlukahlukene njengezinkundla zokukhiqiza uwoyela ezingaguquki, izinkundla zokubhoboza i-jack-up, izindawo zokuhluza kanye nezitshalo zamakhemikhali, kanye namachweba.
I-Single Buoy Mooring (SBM) iyisistimu yedokhi entantayo esetshenziswa kabanzi ekulayisheni nasekuthululeni uwoyela ongahluziwe ogwini lolwandle kanye nomkhiqizo oncibilikisiwe. Ivame ukubekwa ezindaweni ezingasogwini lolwandle ngamakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka ogwini lolwandle, isebenza njengendawo yokudlulisa phakathi kwemikhumbi emikhulu yamafutha kanye nezikhungo zikawoyela negesi ezisemhlabeni, okwenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe okuphephile nokuphumelelayo.
Usuku: 18 Disemba 2025