中文
I-single point mooring (SPM) iyibhoyi/pier emiswe olwandle ukuze iphathe impahla ewuketshezi njengemikhiqizo kaphethiloli yamathangi.Iphoyinti elilodwa lokuqondisa ithangi liyisa ithangi liye endaweni yokumisa ngomnsalo, okulivumela ukuba lijike ngokukhululeka lizungeze lelo phuzu, linciphise amandla adalwa umoya, amagagasi namaza.I-SPM isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezingenazo izindawo zokuphatha izimpahla eziwuketshezi.Lezi zikhungo ze-single point mooring (SPM) zikhonaamamayelakude nezinsiza zasogwini, xhumaingamapayipi kawoyela angaphansi kolwandle, futhi angabeka imikhumbi emikhulu efana ne-VLCC.
I-CDSRamapayipi amafuthazisetshenziswa kabanzi ohlelweni SPM.Uhlelo lwe-SPM luhlanganisa i-catenary anchor leg mooring system (CALM), i-single anchor leg mooring system (SALM) kanye ne-turret mooring system..
I-Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring System (CALM)
I-Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Single Buoy Mooring (SBM), iyibhuya elishintshayo lokulayisha nelokuthulula elisetshenziswa njengendawo yokubophela amathangi kawoyela nanjengokuxhumanisa indawo yokuphela kwepayipi (PLEM) kanye nomkhumbi ohambayo.Avame ukusetshenziswa emanzini angashoni futhi ajulile ukuthutha uwoyela ongahluziwe kanye nemikhiqizo kaphethiloli evela ezindaweni zikawoyela noma izindawo zokuhluzwa.
I-CALM iwuhlobo lokuqala lwe-single point mooring system, enciphisa kakhulu umthwalo we-moring, futhi ivimba umthelela womoya namagagasi ohlelweni, okuphinde kube ngesinye sezici eziyinhloko zesistimu ye-moor point eyodwa.Inzuzo enkulu ye-CALM ukuthi ilula ngesakhiwo, kulula ukuyikhiqiza nokufaka.
I-Single anchor leg mooring system (SALM)
I-SALM ihluke kakhulu ku-traditional single point mooring.I-buoy ye-moring igxilwe phansi olwandle ngomlenze wehangefuthi ixhunywe esisekelweni ngeketango elilodwa noma intambo yepayipi, futhi uketshezi luthuthwa lusuka phansi phansi olwandle luyiswe emkhunjini ngamapayipi, noma luthuthelwe emkhunjini ngokuhlanganyela okuphendukayo ngesisekelo.Le divayisi yokubopha ifanele kokubili izindawo ezinamanzi angashoni kanye nezindawo ezijulile.Uma sisetshenziswa emanzini ajulile, ingxenye engezansi yeketanga lehange idinga ukuxhunywa engxenyeni yesikhuphukeli esinepayipi likawoyela ngaphakathi, ingaphezulu lesikhuphukeli sincike ngeketango lehange, iphansi lesikhuphukeli lincike ku- isisekelo solwandle, futhi isikhuphukeli singanyakaza 360°.
I-Turret mooring system
Isistimu ye-turret mooring ihlanganisa ikholomu ye-turret engaguquki ebanjwe isakhiwo somkhumbi sangaphakathi noma sangaphandle ngohlelo lwe-bearing.Ikholomu ye-turret ivikelwe ngaphansi kolwandle ngemilenze yehange (catenary) esiza ukugcina umkhumbi ungaphakathi komkhawulo wohambo lokuklama.Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kokudluliswa kwamanzi angaphansi kolwandle noma isistimu yokukhuphuka kusuka phansi kolwandle kuya e-turret.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela eziningi zokubopha, i-turret mooring system inikeza lezi zinzuzo ezilandelayo: (1) isakhiwo esilula;(2) Ukungathinteki kancane umoya namagagasi, alungele izimo ezinzima zasolwandle;(3) ezifanele izindawo zasolwandle ezinobunzulu obuhlukahlukene bamanzi;(4) Liyezangeukususwa ngokushesha futhikabusha-uxhumanoumsebenzi, elungele ukulungiswa.
Idethi: 03 Apr 2023